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Outages and Failures in any systems constituting large number of components and subsystems can be reduced to a reasonable level; however, cannot be eliminated. Therefore, Fall back Systems, Methods, and Procedures are the essential features to improve the availability of any dynamic system during the failures or non-functionality of one or more components and subsystems and thus proving the resilience of the system. Indian Railways being fourth largest railway network in the world carries 22.54 million passengers and 3.18 million tonnes of freight traffic per day to meet the growing transportation need of fastest growing Asian economy and its mammoth population, which is fulfilled by the operation of more than 20,000 passenger carrying and 9,200 freight trains in 24 hours of any day of the year. Track, Rolling stock, Motive Power, Overhead Electrical Traction, Power Supply, Signalling, and Telecommunication system constituting the infrastructure and 1.3 million workforces involving in operation and maintenance, enable the running of the above mentioned huge number of trains at optimum operational efficiency. However, any outage in any one of the above subsystems of infrastructure and workforce not only affects the availability of Train Operation System but affects the society and economy at large in terms of lost man-hours. In order to mitigate the impacts of outages of the subsystems and systems as a whole, fall back systems or degraded mode of operation, methods and procedures are in place in the Indian Railways system and thus provides the necessary resilience in the system. This paper brings out the glimpses of all kind of fall back systems, method and procedure in place over the Indian Railways, designed, provided and maintained in all the subsystems of infrastructure, viz. track, rolling stock, motive power, overhead line equipment, signalling and telecommunication system, operating procedures as well as additional deployment of human element to achieve the optimum level of efficiency in the train operation and reducing the impacts of outages.
