The electrical distribution system for a 25-kV electric traction network faces the ongoing challenges of a mobile load, tight electrical clearances and exposure to the elements. This presentation looks at the following questions: How will the network cope when faced with the demands of extra capacity and higher load current? How will smart grid technology enable engineers to exploit integrated protection and control? What opportunities will new control technology facilitate? How will the railway adapt as fluctuations to global energy supply and demand drive inevitable change?